Batteries · Regulation (EU) 2023/1542
Battery passport by 18 February 2027
From that day, each electric vehicle battery, each LMT battery (e-bikes, e-scooters and other light vehicles) and each industrial battery over 2 kWh placed on the EU market or put into service there needs a battery passport, opened from a QR code on the battery. DDPP helps battery makers, pack assemblers and exporters prepare theirs, wherever they are.
Article 77 of the EU Batteries Regulation. Official text on EUR-Lex
Battery passports apply from
Set in Article 77(1) of the Regulation and repeated by the Commission when it published its guidance on 21 August 2026. Where things stand on 20 October 2026.
Which batteries need a passport
Three categories, as the Regulation defines them. The rules cover every battery placed on the EU market or put into service there, wherever it was made and whether it is sold on its own or built into a vehicle or another product. European Commission: Batteries
- Electric vehicle batteries
- Batteries designed to power the traction of hybrid or electric vehicles of categories M, N and O (cars, buses, vans, trucks and trailers), and traction batteries over 25 kg for L-category vehicles such as motorcycles. Art. 3(1)(14)
- LMT batteries
- Sealed batteries of 25 kg or less that power the traction of light vehicles, such as e-bikes and e-scooters, and that are not electric vehicle batteries. Art. 3(1)(11)
- Industrial batteries over 2 kWh
- Batteries designed for industrial uses, including stationary energy storage, and any other battery over 5 kg that is not an electric vehicle, LMT or starter battery. The passport applies when the capacity is over 2 kWh. Art. 3(1)(13), (15) and Art. 77(1)
From the same day, every battery, of any category, carries a QR code. On these three categories it opens the battery passport. It is printed or engraved on the battery so that it stays legible, or put on the packaging and the accompanying documents where the battery is too small or not suited. Art. 13(6) and (7)
Who answers for the passport
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The company that places the battery on the EU market
It gives the passport a unique identifier, behind the QR code, and keeps the information accurate, complete and up to date. It may authorise another operator in writing to act on its behalf. The QR code and the identifier must follow the ISO/IEC 15459 standards or an equivalent.
Art. 77(3) and (4) -
If you export to the EU
Placing on the market means the first supply on the EU market. When your battery goes to an importer there, the importer places it on the market, and before doing so it must check that the battery is marked and labelled as Article 13 requires, which includes the QR code from 18 February 2027. Your EU customer may ask you for the passport data, or authorise you in writing to keep the passport for it.
Art. 3(1)(16) and (64), Art. 41(2) -
Cell and module suppliers
Suppliers of battery cells and modules give the battery manufacturer the information and documents it needs under the Regulation, free of charge.
Art. 39 -
Whoever keeps the data
The data is stored by the responsible operator or by operators it authorises. Operators it authorises may not sell, re-use or process it beyond what their storing or processing service needs, and the passport must stay available even after the responsible operator stops trading or leaves the EU market.
Art. 78(c) to (e)
What a battery passport carries
Annex XIII sorts the information by who may see it. Some of it describes the battery model, some the individual battery.
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Public, for the battery model
Among other things: the label information (manufacturer, category, place and date of manufacture, weight, capacity, chemistry, hazardous substances, critical raw materials, extinguishing agent), the carbon footprint, responsible sourcing and recycled content, voltage and power capability, expected lifetime in cycles, round-trip efficiency, internal resistance, the share of renewable content, the EU declaration of conformity and how to prevent and handle waste batteries.
Annex XIII(1), Annex VI Part A -
People with a legitimate interest, notified bodies, market surveillance authorities and the Commission
The detailed composition (cathode, anode, electrolyte), part numbers and where to get spare parts, dismantling information and safety measures.
Annex XIII(2), Art. 77(2) -
Notified bodies, market surveillance authorities and the Commission
The results of the test reports for the Regulation’s requirements.
Annex XIII(3) -
Each individual battery, for people with a legitimate interest
Performance and durability values, the state of health, the status (original, repurposed, re-used, remanufactured or waste) and data from use, such as charge cycles, accidents, temperature and state of charge.
Annex XIII(4)
The Commission’s guidance of August 2026 lists 71 data points by battery category. It marks the carbon footprint, responsible sourcing and recycled content as not to be filled in as of February 2027, while their implementing and delegated acts are pending (responsible sourcing applies from August 2027). Who counts as a person with a legitimate interest is for a Commission implementing act under Article 77(9). Commission guidance: data points by category
What DDPP gives you today
DDPP is a product passport service: a web Desk, an app and public passport pages. For batteries, this is what works now and what is still being built.
Works today
- A passport for each battery: a permanent passport for the battery model, a batch under it, and an item passport for each serial number, which shows the model’s data together with its own.
- The battery data set of Annex XIII, field by field, each in the access group the Regulation gives it: public; people with a legitimate interest and authorities; authorities only; and the individual battery’s own data, for people with a legitimate interest. From 18 February 2027 a battery passport is published only once the fields required for every battery are filled in. Responsible sourcing is asked for from 18 August 2027; the carbon footprint and recycled content are not asked for while the Commission marks them as not to be filled in.
- A QR code for every passport, and a GS1 Digital Link (/01/GTIN/21/serial) when you use GTINs. Software asking the same link gets JSON or an RFC 9264 linkset.
- Labels to print for each passport on A4 sheets, rolls, cards and round tags, with a warning when the code would print too small to scan.
- Labels for a whole batch, each with its own battery’s code: A4 sheets of 21, or one label a page on a label printer.
- Item passports by the run: a range of serial numbers (SN-000101 to SN-000200) or a spreadsheet (CSV) with each battery’s own data becomes drafts under a batch, up to 1,000 a run and never more than the batch’s pieces. The drafts are then published together at one cost shown before you publish, up to 250 a run. In the Desk and through the API.
- The same link on an NFC chip, if you want one beside the QR code.
- An access level on every field: public, restricted or authority-only. Scans and public pages show only the public fields.
- Free reading for everyone, with no account and no app needed.
- Passport pages in English, Turkish, German, Spanish, French, Italian, Dutch and Polish.
- Changes are kept: a published passport keeps every change as a revision, its events stay as published (a correction is a new event), and a recall stays visible at the top.
- Data hosted in the EU, in Lithuania. We do not sell passport data or re-use it, and you get a copy of everything you put in whenever you ask.
- An API, so your own systems can create and publish passports with an API client.
Partly there, or not built yet
- Access for repairers, recyclers and authorities to the fields the Regulation opens to them is built, with every reading recorded, and is switched on once our privacy notice covers it. Until then, data that is not public is shown only to your organization, and to DDPP when it reviews a passport.
- Data points that apply only to some batteries, such as the capacity threshold for exhaustion of electric vehicle batteries, are there to fill in, but DDPP does not decide which of them apply to yours.
- Data from use, such as the state of health, charge cycles and negative events, has its own fields, filled in by hand or through the API; a spreadsheet can carry first values when the item passports are drafted. There is no direct link to battery management systems.
- Unique identifiers: GS1 is a registered issuing agency under ISO/IEC 15459. When you use GTINs from your own GS1 company prefix, DDPP builds your links from them, but it does not issue GS1 numbers, and its own passport links (/p/…) are not GS1 identifiers.
- Registering the identifier in the EU registry (Article 77(10)) and a new passport linked to the original for repurposed batteries (Article 77(7)) are not built yet.
DDPP helps you prepare and keep a battery passport. Whether a battery meets the Regulation depends on the battery, its tests and its data, and on your importer’s checks; no software can decide that on its own.
What it costs
Reading a passport is free. A business pays for its passports in credits, which never expire, and every new organization starts with 40 free credits, enough for its first product's permanent passport.
- Battery model
- A permanent passport: 40 credits, once. That is €200 at €5 a credit, or €160 with credits from the Export pack.
- Batch
- One credit for each 10,000 pieces begun, and at least one.
- Each battery
- Item passports: one credit buys 100, so at most 5 cents a battery.
Example: One battery model and a batch of 2,000 LMT batteries, each with its own passport: 40 + 1 + 20 = 61 credits, which is €305 worth of credits at €5 each. Credits come in packs; what you do not use stays for later.
Credit packs: Starter, 25 credits for €125; Growth, 100 credits for €450; Export, 500 credits for €2,000.
Prices without VAT. Businesses in Türkiye pay in lira, at the Central Bank’s euro rate. Payment is handled by Stripe; we never see your card.
All the details on the pricing pageOnboarding package
For battery makers and exporters who want their passports in place well before 18 February 2027. We set it up with you, in three steps.
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Setup
Your organization and the business check, your team and an API client, and your battery models as products, each with its permanent passport.
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GS1 link
Your GTINs and serial numbers as GS1 Digital Links on ddppeu.com, and a label layout for the battery or its packaging. No GS1 prefix yet? We tell you how to get one from your national GS1 office.
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First data import
We load your data sheets and serial list into the first batch and its item passports, then go through what is still missing, data point by data point.
At the end you have published passports for a real batch, labels ready to print and a list of the data still to collect.
From €750
Excluding VAT; passport credits are bought separately. Outside Türkiye, ZincirX Inc. invoices the package in euro. In Türkiye it is sold by ZincirX Bilişim Teknoloji ve Danışmanlık A.Ş. and invoiced in Turkish lira at the Central Bank of the Republic of Türkiye’s euro rate on the invoice day.
We agree its scope with you after a short call about your batteries and volumes.
What each package includes, payment, delivery and refunds: DDPP Onboarding Service Terms
Or write to us at dpp@dppeu.cloud
Questions
We make batteries outside the EU. Does this apply to us?
If your batteries are placed on the EU market, yes: the rules cover them whatever their origin. The passport duty sits with the company that places the battery on the EU market, often your importer, which may authorise you in writing to act for it. Either way, most of the data comes from you as the maker.
Our batteries go into e-bikes or machines that we export. Who needs the passport?
The Regulation covers batteries whether they are sold on their own or built into a vehicle or another product. If the battery inside is an LMT battery, an electric vehicle battery or an industrial battery over 2 kWh, it needs its passport.
Will DDPP make our batteries meet the Regulation?
No software can do that. DDPP helps you prepare the passport, keep its data and publish it behind a QR code. Whether a battery meets the Regulation depends on the battery, its tests and its data.
Do we need GS1 numbers?
Not to use DDPP: every passport has its own link. The Regulation asks for a unique identifier under ISO/IEC 15459 or an equivalent, and GS1 is a registered issuing agency under that standard, so GTINs with serial numbers are a common choice. Ask your EU customer which identifier they expect.
Is the date final?
On 20 October 2026 the date stands in the Regulation and in what the Commission published with its guidance in August 2026; the guidance already marks some data points as not to be filled in yet. A Commission proposal to simplify parts of the Regulation is still being negotiated. We update this page when the EU adopts a change.
Can we try it first?
Yes. Creating an account and describing your battery model is free. Its permanent passport costs 40 credits when you create it, given back if you delete the draft before submitting it or if DDPP does not approve it. Batches and item passports follow once DDPP has approved it.
Sources
- Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 concerning batteries and waste batteries (EUR-Lex)
- Consolidated text of 13 August 2026 (EUR-Lex)
- European Commission: guidance to support preparations for the Digital Batteries Passport, 21 August 2026
- European Commission: Batteries
- AIM, the registration authority for ISO/IEC 15459 issuing agencies
Where things stand on 20 October 2026. This page is not legal advice. DDPP is not a government service and is not affiliated with or endorsed by the European Union or any government.
Start with one battery model
Tell us which batteries you make and where they go, and we will suggest how to get your first passports published before February. Or create an account and describe your first battery model yourself.